Thursday, 4 September 2014

Group Policy - GPO

Group Policy Objects
A Group of registry settings (not security groups)
Components
 -Templates (more can be added to default)
 -GPO files in Sysvol(C:\windows\PolicyDefinitions\admx file)
 -Linked to AD OUs, sites, domains
 -Special settings
Interfaces (how/where to view/edit)
 -Local Group policy
 -Group policy management console (GPMC)
 -Group policy management editor (GPME)
 -Group policy object editor from mmc for user/group specific (Multiple local group policy - making exception to local GPO)

Local Group Policy
Applies only locally (can export/import)
Computer configuration - Applies to all users/everyone
User configuration - Applies to all unless ..
 -Administrator/non-administrators policy
 -User-specific policy (not groups)
Can use on any Domain or Non-domain except DC
Local processing of local GPO can be disabled via a GPO
Usefulness
 -Servers with specific exceptions (Eg.diable control panel except for Admins)
 -Non-Domain System


Applying Policy
Link enabled
Block Inheritance
Enforce
Refresh
 -Startup (computer config policy)
 -Logon (user config policy)
 -90 min+random 30min, DCs 5 min
 -Gpupdate
 -PS invoke-gpupdate
 -Right-click OU

Templates + Central Store
Template
 -Acutal GPO settings
 -Can get additional (e.g, office)
 -Each OS releases adds new template settings

Central Store
 -Previous windows clould have mismatch templates
 -Already configured
 -..But might have to copy most current templates from C:\windows\policyDefinitions (local) to DC@C:\windows\sysvol\domain\policies


Scope of Management
Very important
User config -link to-> User OU
Computer config -link to-> Computer OU
Multiple group policies often apply
 -Settings are cumulative
 -Conflicts: last policy wins
Processing Order
 Local Default
  |-> Site
      |-> Domain
          |-> OU
              |-> OU
Security Filtering (to make exceptions)

Policies and Preferences
Both are mostly Registry punches

Policies (managed)
 -Setting is permanent(eg. Grayed out UI)
 -Applied at startup, logon, refresh
 -Removing policy reverts to default
 -Takes precedence over preference

Preferences (unmanaged)
 -User can reverse setting(UI not grayed out)
 -Applied+Refreshed or do not reapply
 -Setting tattoos registry
 -Not available for local GPO
 -Often useful for desktop icons,shortcuts,URL on desktop,send to,mapped drive,

Starter GPOs
Commonly desired(not required) settings
Administrative templates only
To start, create folder
 -includes canned starters
Often used for roles
 -Various types of servers
 -laptops
 -desktops
 -security sensitive
Exportable to CAB (cabinet files->compressed file)

Default GPO Permissions
Full Access
 -Domain admin, Enterprise admin, Creator owner, Local system
Read/Apply: Authenticated users
Gran Additional permissions
 -Create:Add to GP creator/owner
 -Edit: R/W via Group policy management console(GPMC)
 -Link mgmt: Delegation in GPM or Delegation of Control Wizard(DoCW)
 -Modeling/Results: Delegation in GPM or Delegation of Control Wizard(DoCW)

GPO Security Settings
User Rights
Security Options
User Account Control
Audit Policy

Security Templates
Pre-configured settings for "security settings" (.inf)
Apply to single or multiple
Apply locally or GPO
Settings
 -Account policies,local policies,event log,restricted group,system services,registry,file system
Configuration
 -GPO, secedit.exe,security config and analysis(launch using mmc)+security template consoles, security compliance manager(download)

Locking down software
Software restriction policy
 -Designed for legacy windows, fairly easy to bypass, all apps allowed by default

AppLocker
 -Designed for win7/8,2008 r2,2012, less easy to bypass, all apps denied by default(GPO-Computer config-Windows settings-Security settings-Application control policies). Note: need to start "Application identity" service and this can be done via (Security settings-System services)in same policy.

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